IJRMHS VOLUME 3

ANALYSIS OF ASPARTIC PROTEINASE ACTIVITY IN PORCINE OVARIES

Tightly regulated proteolytic activity is vital in the mammalian ovary for follicular growth, ovulation, as well as for luteal formation and regression. Even though studies are reported on proteinases in ovary, investigations carried out on aspartic proteinases (AP) are scarce. Objectives of this study were to analyze the AP activity in the porcine ovaries with cycling features (CO) and without cycling features (NCO) and to analyze the AP activity at different stages of follicular phase and luteal phase. . …

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF POTT’S DISEASE IN TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL OF NORTHERN GHANA, 2012 – 2013

A Retrospective study of Pott’s diseases was conducted at the Tamale Teaching Hospital; from January 2012 to December 2013. The highest number of patients was referred from Upper East Region (78%). The disorder was common among women and young adults. Chronic back pain and neuropathy was the frequent presenting complains. . …

DEVELOPMENTAL, REPRODUCTIVE AND CYTOGENETIC EFFECTS OF OSELTAMIVIR IN ADULT MICE, FETUSES AND PUPS

Seventy pregnant female mice were divided equally into control and three treatment groups D1; D2; D3 represent the three stages of pregnancy, each treated group subdivided equally into two group (TD; OD). Animals of treatment groups (TD1, TD2, TD3) and (OD1, OD2, OD3) were given daily by oral route a therapeutic dose (2 mg/kg BW) and ten fold dose (20 mg/kg BW) of oseltamivir phosphate respectively for the period of trimester study (stage 1, 2 and 3) respectively. . …

COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG WATERMELON CRUD EXTRACT, CITRULLINE AND LYCOPENE ON SOME REPRODUCTIVE INDICES IN MALE MICE

Objectives of this project were to study the effect of 70% crude alcoholic extract of watermelon Citrullus lanatus pulp on the reproductive system of male mice as compared with two main component citrulline and lycopene. The mice were divided into four groups, the first group were treated with watermelon 500mg/kg b.w., the second group was treated with citrulline 30mg /kg b.w., third group was treated with lycopene 5mg/kg b.w. and treatment . …

THE EFFECTS OF AFRAMOMUM MELEGUETA AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON THE ADRENAL GLAND OF ADULT WISTAR RATS

Grain of paradise (Aframomum melegueta [Roscoe] K. Schum.) seeds are used in West Africa as a remedy for variety of ailments such as stomachache, snakebite, diarrhea and they have reported anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, the seeds contain gingerols and related compounds that may be useful against cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and inflammation. A 28-day sub-chronic toxicity study in adult wistar rats was conducted to evaluate the safety of Aframomum melegueta aqueous extract on the adrenal gland. Twenty wistar rats weighing between 180-215kg were used. T . …

COMPARATIVE STUDY AMONG WATERMELON CRUD EXTRACT, CITRULLINE AND LYCOPENE ON SOME REPRODUCTIVE INDICES IN MALE MICE

Objectives of this project were to study the effect of 70% crude alcoholic extract of watermelon Citrullus lanatus pulp on the reproductive system of male mice as compared with two main component citrulline and lycopene. The mice were divided into four groups, the first group were treated with watermelon 500mg/kg b.w., the second group was treated with citrulline 30mg /kg b.w., third group was treated with lycopene 5mg/kg b.w. . …

INCIDENCE OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS (PER 100,000 PEOPLE) IN NORTHERN GHANA (A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY AT THE TAMALE TEACHING HOSPITAL, 2004-2012)

This retrospective study was intended to report the improved detection rate and also the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis at the Tamale Teaching Hospital of Northern Ghana. Sputum smear microscopy for acid fast bacilli (AFB) results of newly suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (Diagnosed Clinically) was analysed for the study. Patients and their demographic data, comprising age, and sex recorded from January 2004, to December 2012, were retrieved from the chest clinic and laboratory register (TB04) of the bacteriology unit and analysed. . …

SPATIAL DEPENDENCY OF BURULI ULCER ON POTENTIAL SURFACE RUNOFF AND POTENTIAL MAXIMUM SOIL WATER RETENTION

Buruli Ulcer (BU) is an endemic prevalent disease in Ghana and other West African countries including; Cote d´Ivoire, Benin and Togo. Despite recent upsurge of research in Buruli Ulcer, the natural reservoir and mode of transmission of Mycobacterium ulcerans (MU) have not yet been determined. However, all major foci are found in wetlands of tropical and subtropical countries. In this study, a landscape spatial hydrological modeling approach based on Potential Maximum Soil Water Retention (PMSWR), . …

THE FATE OF GERİATRİC PATİENTS İN INTENSİVE CARE UNİT

Patients aged sixty five years and over are the most quickly increasing age group all around the world and in our country. The majority of the patients admitted to the intensive care unit is constituted by this age group. In this study we planned to investigate the effect of the age on prognosis in intensive care unit patients. . …

HEPATOPRTECTIVE EFFECTS OF MORINGA OLEIFERA EXTRACT ON LIVER OF WISTAR RATS

CThis work is aimed at determining the hepatoprotective effects of Moringa oleifera on liver of adult wistar rats. Twenty four wistar rats weighing between 190 – 230kg were used. They were divided into four groups (A,B,C& D) of six animals each. Group A served as the control and received 0.3ml of distilled water orally. The experimental groups B,C &D received 0.5ml, 0.6ml & 0.7ml of Moringa oleifera extract orally respectively. The administration lasted for twenty one days. …

CORRELATES OF MULTIPLE SEXUAL PARTNERSHIPS AMONG FORMERLY MARRIED MEN IN ZIMBABWE

The main purpose of this study was to determine socio-economic factors associated with multiple sexual partnerships among formerly married men aged 15-54 years in Zimbabwe. This is an analytical cross-sectional study, based on secondary data drawn from the 2005-2006 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey (ZDHS) and 353 formerly married men were included in this study. . …

IMMUNE INFLAMMATORY ATTACKS AND UNSTABLE CARDIOVASCULAR PATHOMORPHOSIS: VERIFICATION AND COUNTERACTION.

The research into the peculiarities of the influence of immune inflammation on the formation of severe forms of cardiovascular diseases, developed by patients, who had a major cardiovascular operation, has been conducted by the authors of this paper . …

THE IMPACT OF HIV/AIDS EDUCATION ON JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL PUPILS IN THE CAPE COAST METROPOLIS OF GHANA

The purpose of this survey was to study the impact of HIV/AIDS education on JHS pupils in Christ Church Anglican and St. Nicholas Anglican schools in Aboom Circuit of Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly. The sample was hundred (100) JHS two pupils. Descriptive research design was used to guide the study and a questionnaire was used to collect data for the study. The questionnaire was administered and responded to by one hundred (100) JHS two pupils. . …

CALCULATION OF SAMPLE SIZE IN SURVIVAL ANALYSIS WITH GROUP SEQUENTIAL DESIGNS AND ADAPTIVE DESIGNS

Calculation of sample size and determination of event numbers are huge problems for survival analysis since it is important for the reliability of studies. The aim of this study is to calculate cumulative sample size and event numbers obtained using the group sequential designs and the adaptive designs. . …

SERUM PHOSPHORUS, ESTIMATED IONIZED AND TOTAL SERUM CALCIUM IN INDUSTRIAL FEMALES WITH THYROID DYSFUNCTION IN PORT HARCOURT

The role of thyroid hormones in phosphorus and calcium balance in the body by direct action on bone turnover have variously being reported in literature. Phosphorus and ionized calcium metabolism are frequently altered in thyroid disease. A negative calcium balance may ultimately result in hyperthyroid osteopenia. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the changes in serum ionized calcium and phosphorus levels among industrial females with thyroid dysfunction (Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism). . …

COMPETENCE OF MIDWIVES WITH REGARD TO THE PREVENTION OF LOW APGAR SCORES AMONG NEONATES

Midwifery practice requires a midwife who is competent in providing antenatal services during pregnancy, labour and puerperium. The midwife should be able to conduct delivery on her own for a normal healthy baby with an Apgar score of 10/10 at one minute after birth. Mismanagement of labour and lack of delivery technique commonly lead to a low Apgar score of seven or less at five minutes, thus raising the number of babies born with low Apgar scores. The purpose of the study was to establish the extent of the competence of midwives regarding the prevention of low Apgar scores among neonates. . …

A BAYESIAN APPROACH FOR ITEM RESPONSE THEORY IN ASSESSING THE PROGRESS TEST IN MEDICAL STUDENTS

The progress test is used to provide useful summative and formative judgments about medical students’ knowledge without distorting learning. The test samples the complete knowledge domain expected of new graduates on completion of their course, regardless of the year level of the student. Item Response Theory (IRT) have been proposed for evaluating examinations in medical education. Although IRT relies upon some strong assumptions, it is useful and practical in many situations such as medical education testing. IRT assumptions are often violated and threaten the statistical inferences. To overcome these difficulties, Bayesian approach to IRT can be used. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of both Item Response Theory (IRT) and Bayesian IRT to the practitioner involved in the development of medical education assessments . .. …

THE ANSWER TO CERAMIC INLAY , Emax – A CASE REPORT

One of the primary challenges faced by today’s dental restorative team is the need to deliver high-strength restorative options without compromising the esthetic outcome fueled by ever-increasing patient demands. The availability of improved ceramic materials, bonding techniques, new technology and issues of malgam safety have led to a revival of interest in ceramic inlays in dentistry over the past ten years. The increased demand for esthetically pleasing restorations has led to the introduction of new all ceramic materials together with . .. …

THE PREVALENCE AND FUNCTIONAL IMPACT OF MUSCULOSKELETAL CONDITIONS AMONGST PEOPLE ATTENDING A COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTRE IN BLOEMFONTEIN, FREE STATE

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and functional impact of musculoskeletal conditions amongst people attending a Community Health Centre [CHC] in Bloemfontein, Free State. Musculoskeletal conditions [MSC] are viewed as posing an enormous burden on governments, and communities’ as one of the major causes of disability in both developed and developing countries. Prior research has mostly been conducted in areas other than Sub-Saharan Africa, therefore leading to a large gap in available literature. Further research may aid in creating awareness of the Quadruple burden that exists in Africa, specifically highlighting MSC and the impact thereof. . .. …

BAYESIAN MODEL FOR SPATIAL DEPENDANCE AND PREDICTION OF TUBERCULOSIS

In the Disease analysis, there is an interest to find the spatial pattern of disease in specific regions and whether this pattern has any spatial dependence. Kriging is one method used to find the spatial dependence and extrapolate the location of cases from unmeasured locations. But Bayesian Kriging would be more appropriate in the case of tuberculosis risk where we know that other factors are strong predictors in tuberculosis disease. The aim is to study the spatial pattern and spatial dependence of tuberculosis within a Chennai ward population . …

NURSES’ PERCEPTIONS OF SUPPORT IN CARING FOR PEOPLE LIVING WITH HIV AND AIDS (PLWHA) IN VHEMBE DISTRICT, LIMPOPO PROVINCE

The purpose of this study was to explore and describe experiences of nurses regarding social support in caring for people living with HIV and AIDS (PLWHA) in Vhembe district, Limpopo Province. A qualitative research design which was exploratory, descriptive and contextual was used, with a purposive and theoretical sample of nurses who provided care in a regional hospital in Vhembe district of Limpopo Province. Data saturation occurred after in-depth interviews with fifteen participants, field notes were also used during data collection. . .. …

EUTILIZATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM TO IMPROVE FORECASTING ACCURACY –AN APPLICATION TO THE DATA OF A TUBE AND A CATHETER–

In industries, how to improve forecasting accuracy such as sales, shipping is an important issue. There are many researches made on this. In this paper, a hybrid method is introduced and plural methods are compared. Focusing that the equation of exponential smoothing method(ESM) is equivalent to (1,1) order ARMA model equation, new method of estimation of smoothing constant in exponential smoothing method is proposed before by us which satisfies minimum variance of forecasting error. Generally, smoothing constant is selected arbitrarily. But in this paper, we utilize above stated theoretical solution. Firstly, we make estimation of ARMA model parameter and then estimate smoothing constants. . …

ANALYSIS OF BLOOD PARAMETERS & RT-PCR RESULTS IN DENGUE SUSPECTED PATIENTS FROM SRI LANKA

Early laboratory confirmation of dengue viral infection is vital to minimize its fatal outcomes. There is no information on the relationship between reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results and different blood parameters of patients with dengue fever (DF) in Sri Lanka. Therefore the objective was to analyze the blood parameters and RT- PCR results in clinically suspected dengue patients. . .. …

HEAVY METAL AND MICROBIAL CONTENTS OF ROADSIDE ROASTED CORN AND PLANTAIN IN ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA

In Nigeria, West Africa, it is common practice to eat roasted food as snacks without being mindful of the health implications from the environment where it is roasted. This research work evaluated the level of heavy metals and microbial contents in roadside roasted corn and plantain from three locations in the Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State. Heavy metals in the 18 samples were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). Standard Microbiological Techniques (SMT) was used to determine the microbial contents in the samples. . .. …

A STUDY OF RARE FORM OF CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING IN WATER PIPE

Water pipe is a traditional tool for smoking that is specific to the Balkan states, Middle East and South Asia. Recently, its use has increased globally among young individuals and particularly among women. Compared to cigarettes, there’s a higher exposure to smoke, carbon monoxide (CO) and heavy metals for water pipe. In this report, we describe a case of syncope resulting from carbon monoxide . .. …

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KOJIC ACID AND HYDROQUINONE 2% CREAMS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MELASMA

Melasma is an acquired hyperpigmentation on the face, which generally happens in women between the ages of 30 to 35. If treatment is not performed in a timely manner, many cosmetic problems can arise. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of kojic acid and hydroquinone 2% creams for the treatment of melasma. . .. …